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This work was funded in part by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland (Grant no.
3P06 R 00724) and The National Science Centre in Poland (Grant no. N N313 780840). The research was financed in part in the framework of the project Lublin University of Technology-Regional Excellence Initiative, funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (contract no. 030/RID/2018/19).
The aim of this work was to develop a method of data grouping (DGM) that enables the
selection of regression equations for forecasting soil penetration resistance based on an easily available
and small set of input data: soil moisture content, soil bulk density and the grain size distribution
of the soil. Models for forecasting the penetration resistance were created by selecting regression
equations for specific intervals of granulometric variability of soil fractions. A field measurements
campaign was conducted and soil samples were taken from the subsoil on 43 profiles, at depths of
25–30, 35–40, 45–50 and 55–60 cm. It was found that the dry bulk density is much less useful for
predicting the penetration resistance of plastic soils than soil moisture. The study also showed that it
is possible to forecast the soil penetration resistance on the basis of the gravimetric moisture content
and the soil specific surface.
