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The first economic clusters appeared more than 200 years ago when classical economists noted that businesses are spread unevenly and concentrated in certain geographical areas. Even today, concentration of competing and collaborating businesses is something that dif-ferentiates geographical regions. However, it was M. Porter who coined the term cluster in 1990 when he presented his new theory on business operations. As defined by Porter, a clus-ter is ‘a group of interrelated enterprises located in a certain geographical area, comprising specialized suppliers and service providers operating in related sectors of economy as well as linked institutions like universities, standardization institutions, and trade associations. In certain areas they compete, while in others cluster participants collaborate closely.
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