Fire and Smoke Modelling
Fragment książki (Rozdział w monografii)
MNiSW
20
Poziom I
| Status: | |
| Autorzy: | Węgrzyński Wojciech, Lipecki Tomasz |
| Dyscypliny: | |
| Aby zobaczyć szczegóły należy się zalogować. | |
| Wersja dokumentu: | Drukowana | Elektroniczna |
| Język: | angielski |
| Strony: | 101 - 181 |
| Efekt badań statutowych | NIE |
| Materiał konferencyjny: | NIE |
| Publikacja OA: | NIE |
| Abstrakty: | angielski |
| Computer modelling of smoke dispersion in the environment in wind conditions is used to determine the consequences of fires. This chapter presents an overview of engineering tools used for this purpose – including computer models of building fires, pollutant dispersion models and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) framework. The fire models can be used to determine the emission of a fire, as well as determine the safety related to smoke and heat exposure for the building occupants. A brief history of fire models is shown, together with a description of the concept of design fires. Dispersion models varying in complexity from simple box and Gaussian plume, to complex Eulerian grid and Lagrangian particle models, allow determining the smoke dispersion over large areas (far-field), including the wind effects on the pollutant distribution. In the case of the most advanced models, they include mesoscale meteorological models and sub-models for complex phenomena, e.g. chemical reactions between smoke particles and air, soot agglomeration and sedimentation. CFD method provides unmatched resolution in the near-field, allowing investigation of building wake and downwash effects on the smoke contamination. As CFD method is commonly used in fire modelling, expansion of the area of interest to building surroundings may result in a more in-depth overview of the consequences of building fires. The chapter provides an elaborate introduction to wind and fire coupled modelling, including tips for building and discretizing the numerical domain and the introduction of the wind into the numerical model. Literature examples of modelling wind and fire are presented. Furthermore, a case study is introduced, aiming at the determination of the consequences of a warehouse fire on its neighborhood. |
