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The paper has been submitted under the duties of the international scientific scholarship of
Mirosław Szala, Lublin University of Technology (Poland), taking place in the term of July 11 – August 8, 2022, at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (Lithuania), conducted and financed in the framework of the project “Lublin University of Technology-Regional Excellence Initiative, funded by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher
Education (contract no. 030/RID/2018/19)”.
Wear resistance is one of the main indicators of the reliability of machine parts. The selection of wear-resistant ma-
terial should consider the operational environment and specific types of abrasive material. The steel abrasive wear
resistance depends not only on its hardness and microstructure but also on the abrasive material’s properties, such
as hardness and particle morphology. This work aimed to determine abrasion wear mechanisms of a set of steels,
i.e., S235JR, S355J2, C45, AISI 304 and Hardox 500, abraded by different types of grit i.e. garnet, corundum and
carborundum. The abrasion tests were conducted using T-07 tribometer (rubber wheel method). Wear traces were
examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and a contact profilometer. SEM analysis revealed that
apart from Hardox 500, ploughing and microfatigue were the dominant wear mechanisms. Microcutting was the
main wear mechanism for Hardox 500 tested with carborundum (SiC). The highest mass loss was usually obtained
for carborundum. The lowest wear resistance in garnet and carborundum was obtained for the S235JR and S235J2
steels and Hardox 500 tested with corundum. The effect of steel microstructure on the wear mechanism has been
confirmed. AISI 304 austenitic steel abraded by carborundum grit, presented outstanding roughness parameters:
Ra, Rz, RSm, Rk, Rvk and Rpk than other steels tested with carborundum. Steel hardness affects the morphology of
the wear trace reducing the Ra and Rz roughness parameters. The effect of abrasive hardness and grain morphol-
ogy on abraded surfaces has been stated. Contrary to fine grains of the hardest carborundum, coarse garnet grains
caused high roughness parameters (Rk, Rpk and Rvk) determined in wear trace.
