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Bone cements based on poly methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) are one of the most common polymer
composites used in othopaedic surgery. Those materials play a key role in fixing endoprosthesis with
the bone, and as such are the weakest link in total joint replacement (TJR) surgeries. Fast, premature
decrease in mechanical properties of PMMA in aggressive environment, such as human body, can lead
to TJR loosening, which results in necessity for revision surgery. In recent years researchers have started
investigating possibility of mechanical properties enhancement of PMMA by adding variable additives in
different concentrations. In this study we present results of mechanical of samples made of commercially
available and used in orthopaedic surgery PMMA (Heraceus Palamed) with additives of glassy carbon
(PMMA/GC bone cement composite) in different concentrations of GC based on compression testing.
It is a typical mechanism in which the PMMA is loaded in human body after TJR implantation. The
analysis covered comparison of selected mechanical parameters of samples prepared accordingly to
manufacturer instructions and samples prepared with addition of GC with grain size of 0.4-12 microns
and 20-50 microns. Potentially, this material can increase mechanical strength of PMMA, however
gross contamination with GC can lead to PMMA polymerization impairment due to thermal properties
of GC, and subsequently affect mechanical properties of PMMA. GC was added 1, 2, 3,5, 8 and 10%
of weight increments. Results of our analysis revealed significant decrease of compression strength with
addition of 20-50 microns GC, which was a result of disturbances in typical conditions of polymerization
process (time and temperature). What is interesting, 0.4-1.2 micron samples did not affect significantly
compressive strength in evaluated range of concentration.
