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This research was supported by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
[research funding FD-20/IS-6/036, FD-20/IS-6/023, and FD-20/IS-6/020].
This paper analyzes the effect of inlet pressure on the index of biodegradability of cavitated
herbal waste (HW) following its suspension in mechanically treated wastewater (MTW) for further
biological processes. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) was carried out at inlet pressures of 3.5, 5.0, and
7.0 bar. The BOD5/COD ratio increased by 30% between the 5th and 10th minutes of the process,
with the inlet pressure amounting to 3.5 bar, which indicated increased biodegradability of HW.
For the higher inlet pressures used, the value of the biodegradability index (BI) increased by 23%
and 13% for 5.0 and 7.0 bar, respectively, after 60 min of the process. The value of COD as well as
the VS, TS, TC and TOC concentrations dropped for each analyzed inlet pressure, which indicated
that complex organic compounds were effectively destroyed. The highest disintegration degree
(DDCOD) was achieved with an inlet pressure of 3.5 bar. SEM analysis was performed to analyze the
changing morphological structure of the HW. It was proven that the structural morphology of the
herbal waste was significantly influenced by hydrodynamic cavitation, which could affect subsequent
biological processing.
