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The main objective of the study was to develop a method for identifying the components of a time series disrupted
by crisis events, allowing for evaluation, comparison and short-term forecasting of the impact of such situations.
The article, using mathematical modelling, analyses and evaluates the impact of the pandemic and war on rail
transport using Poland as an example. Three methods of local trend matching were used: locally estimated trend,
locally estimated trend with seasonal components, locally estimated trend with locally estimated seasonal components. The study showed that the effects of the crisis are still felt today, but their impact on individual types
of transport varied, and what’s more, differences were also visible depending on the item being transported. Passengers, despite the introduction of high sanitary standards, severely limited their mobility. The freight transport
market turned out to be more resistant to the impact of the pandemic, but both the pandemic and the war in Ukraine
affected the volume of goods transported. The article presents a method that allows to identify time series disturbed
by crisis events and therefore difficult to describe and make reliable forecasts. The method proposed by the authors
is an innovative answer to the problems of identifying very variable series and can also be used in the analysis of
other issues in which time series have been disturbed in a sudden and unexpected way
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