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This research was funded by the VEGA project. 1/0426/22 Quantification of the impact of road transport on the environment in urban areas. This research was also funded by the KEGA project. 041ŽU-4/2022
Implementation of students in the teaching process through the implementation of practical measurements in the form of driving and laboratory tests of road vehicles using multimedia tools. This research was also funded by the SVV project 02SVV2325, funded by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czech Republic.
The air quality in the urban zone is influenced by many factors, of which transport
plays a significant role. Air quality has an impact on the health of inhabitants, demographic,
urbanization processes, as well as a whole mobility, and is currently one of the most
important challenges faced by municipal authorities. The article focuses on analyzing the
impact of exhaust gases and their emissions produced by motor vehicles on the environment
in the opted territory, namely Hasičská Street in the city of Trenčín, Slovakia. Investigated
and quantified emissions in the context of vehicles' mobility comply with a number of vehicles
registered in Slovakia. The primary task of the research is to determine the amount of
produced emissions in the researched area without the use of measuring technology. It is a
process of modeling emission coefficients on the basis of which it is possible to reliably
determine the level of pollution in the monitored area. The research per se is based upon a
traffic survey carried out over the period September-October 2021. Following the analysis,
obtained values were classified into certain vehicle categories registered in Slovakia while
observing the relevant EU Regulations. The research involved measuring the volume of
exhaust emissions produced by vehicles when in motion through the examined transport section. We further compared the resulting exhaust emissions with emissions automatically
recorded by the national weather station. The levels of individual harmful substances
registered by the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute were naturally higher than the values
achieved by the survey itself, as the weather station records emissions from multiple mobility
activities. In regard to emissions obtained by the survey, we achieved related values of
indicators as follows: CO, HC, NOx, and PM. The category of passenger cars topped the list,
as automobiles produced 90.17% pollutants of all the recorded vehicles. Bus services capped
NOx emission production. The highest emission rates were detected between 2 and 3 pm due
to the peak traffic in the observed section. The analysis has proved significantly lower
emission volumes produced by haulage compared to other vehicle categories.