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This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (U23A20629), Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education, China (Y202248852), 2023 General Program of Education Department of Zhejiang Province, China (Y202353423), the Zhejiang Xinmiao Talent Program, China (2023R405082), the Sci entific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Ningbo University, China (IF2023023), China Innovation Challenge (Ningbo) Major Proj ect, China (2023T001), Ningbo Science and Technology Major Project, China (2019B10100, 2020Z042, 2022Z009, 2022Z002, 2022Z055, 2022Z057, 2022Z110, 2020Z110, 2022Z015), Key core technology research project of Jiangbei District, China (202301A06)
The increasing demand for high-strength lightweight hollow shafts in transportation highlights the need for
advanced fabrication techniques. Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys, noted for their superior properties, are selected for threeroll skew rolling (TRSR). In TRSR, the material undergoes combined axial tensile and radial compressive stresses.
This study evaluates the feasibility of TRSR for producing high-strength lightweight hollow stepped shafts from
Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy. An integrated approach, including constitutive modeling, hot processing map development,
and TRSR numerical simulations/experiments, is employed to optimize the TRSR forming process. The constitutive model was established based on 300◦C–450 ◦C & 0.01–10 s
− 1 hot compression and 350◦C–430 ◦C & 0.1–5
s
− 1 high-temperature tensile test data. The established Johnson-Cook optimization by genetic algorithms (GA-JC)
model and unified viscoplastic constitutive model, accurately capture the alloy’s hot deformation behavior,
exhibiting minimal average absolute relative errors (AARE) of 5.431% and 5.808%, respectively. Microstructure
evolution analyses shed light on the predominant softening mechanisms, emphasizing dynamic recovery (DRV)
at elevated strain rates and diminishing texture intensity with escalating deformation temperatures. The composite hot processing map delineates optimal process parameters (400◦C–450 ◦C & 0.1s− 1
-1s− 1
), facilitating
informed decision-making in manufacturing practices. The validation of numerical simulations through TRSR
forming experiments with initial temperature of 450 ◦C for the billet and axial moving speed of 10 mm/s for the
chuck in affirms the feasibility of producing hollow stepped shafts from high-strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloy. Close
agreement was found between simulated and experimental wall thickness variations. This study enhances understanding and optimization of TRSR forming for high-strength lightweight alloys, advancing industrial
manufacturing methodologies.