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This research was funded by a research grant in 2023 of the Scientific Council of the
Discipline of Civil Engineering, Geodesy and Transport, grant number 504/04849/1160/43.072305,
grant manager Seweryn Koziak, administrative support provided by the administrative services of
Faculty of Transport, Warsaw University of Technology.
The aim of this work was to perform a simulation analysis of the dynamics of a freight
wagon with a variant vibration damping: dry friction and viscous damping. The following math-
ematical models of the damping characteristics are presented: the Maxwell model and the Kolsch
model. The differences among the types of damping were first analyzed based on the dynamic
responses of the 1 DOF model. Simulation studies were then carried out in a VI-Rail environment
with the use of S-curved track models comprising short straight sections connecting the curves. The
track models differed in the values of curve radii, cant, and length, which made it possible to run at
different speeds. The multibody model of the vehicle represents a typical two-axle freight wagon.
The dynamics of the wagon model were investigated for two states: empty and laden. Standard
kinematic and dynamic values were compared in order to investigate if the nature of the damping
has a significant impact on the dynamic properties of a freight wagon. The analysis of the simulation
study showed that replacing dry friction damping with the viscous one can generally reduce forces
acting on the wheel–rail contact, which, in turn, can be related to improving the running behavior of
wagons while reducing the negative impact on the track.