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Cantilever-based piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters are quite promising
considering the density of harvested power among other micro-scale energy harvesters.
Such a piezoelectric device can harvest energy from the wind-induced excitations with the
help of a bluff-body mounted at the tip-point of a cantilever. At low-to-moderate wind
speeds, a cylindrical bluff-body creates transverse oscillations as the vortex shedding
occurs. In this work at first, we present an approximate model for such a phenomenon of
vortex-induced vibration of a piezoelectric harvester. Wind-induced excitation caused by
vortex-shedding is modelled using the Van-der-Pol oscillator, for which the parameters
are determined based on the experimental measurements. Numerical simulations are
performed to identify the response and periodic lock-in region of the structure by sweeping
the wind velocities over a range of low-to-moderate speeds. Such an aero-electro-
mechanical model is qualitatively compared with the results obtained from the
experimental test runs in the wind-tunnel. Cylindrical bluff-bodies made from Styrofoam
and Polylactic Acid (PLA) filament with 3D printing are tested by mounting on the spring
steel cantilever beams. We investigate the influence of stiffness by using two different
sizes of beams to validate the numerical results. Influence of the tip mass on the periodic
lock-in region is also studied with the bluff-bodies of various heights. The results of the
numerical and experimental studies are useful for optimizing the sizes of the piezoelectric
harvester and the bluff-body to maximize the energy harvesting potential of the device.
