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The methods of layer-by-layer interference phase scanning with digital holographic reproduction of azimuth and ellipticity polarization maps for differential diagnosis of benign (nodular goiter - NG) and malignant (papillary thyroid - PT) thyroid tumours are presented. All studies in representative groups of histological sections M and AC were conducted using a circular laser beam. This ensured the azimuthal invariance and repeatability of measurements of polarization maps NG and PT. Integrated, and layer-by-layer polarization maps of NG and PT were received. Values of statistical moments of 1st - 4th order, which characterize NG and PT samples coordinate distributions of azimuth and ellipticity polarization have been determined and systematized. A set of statistical parameters - diagnostic markers most sensitive to changes in the polycrystalline structure NG and PT has been determined. The results of information analysis - determination of accuracy of vector-parametric and polarization-interference methods of differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid tumours are presented.
