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This study investigates the dynamic properties of the human middle ear and
the energy transfer phenomena between the stapes footplate (SF) and the round window
membrane (RWM) under sound stimulation. A series of laboratory tests were conducted,
and a numerical model of the system was prepared. During the experiments, vibrations in
human temporal bones were recorded using a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), and the
frequency response functions (FRFs) of the RWM and SF footplate were computed. Key
resonances were identified, with notable differences in vibration amplitude depending on
whether the artificial external ear canal was left open or closed. To evaluate the amplification
of acoustic waves within the cochlea, the authors proposed a novel index defined as the
ratio of the FRF of the RWM and SF, respectively. The performed computations showed
that signal amplification is particularly noticeable in the frequency range from 1 to 2 kHz.
Subsequently, a simplified computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the cochlea was
developed to simulate internal pressure distribution within the scala vestibuli (SV) and
scala tympani (ST) spaces. The numerical computations of acoustic signal amplification
showed good agreement with the experimental data, particularly at the frequencies of
1 and 2 kHz. These findings provide new insights into cochlear acoustics and offer a
potential tool for evaluating pathological disorders and designing prosthetic devices.
