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The research leading to these results has received funding from the commissioned task entitled “VIA CARPATIA Universities of Technology Network named after the President of the Republic of Poland Lech Kaczy´nski”, contract No. MEiN/2022/DPI/2577 action entitled “In the neighborhood inter-university research internships and study visits”.
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HDC) as a pre-treatment method is innovative and
has potential for wide-scale industrial applications. The novelty of this research involves
evaluating the enzymatic activity in the anaerobic co-digestion (AcD) of hydrodynamically
cavitated coffee waste (CW) and municipal sewage sludge (SS) as well as its influence on
the AcD performance. The effectiveness of AcD was assessed on the basis of changes in the
physico-chemical composition of the feedstock and digestate as well as the biogas/methane
yield, and attention was paid to the effect of coffee waste on enzyme activity, including
that of β-Glucosidases (β-Glu), protease (PR), urease (URE), phosphomonoesterases acid
(ACP) and alkaline (ALP). Moreover, the changes in the heavy metal content after the AcD
of CW and SS were investigated. Comparing the enzymatic activity of the feedstock and
digestate, we observed that the URE, ACP and ALP activities were 4.5 to 11 times higher
for the feedstock than the enzyme activities in the digestate. Moreover, when using CW
cavitated for 30 min, the highest enzymatic activity in both the feedstock and digestate
occurred. The results indicated that the relationship between the β-Glu activity and biogas
yield showed the strongest positive correlation (r = 0.98 at p ≤ 0.05). At the same time, a
positive correlation between the PAC, PAL, URE and PR activity and methane yield and
methane content at p ≤ 0.05 was observed. The obtained results allow us to conclude that,
in the future, such a digestate could be used as a bio-fertilizer to improve degraded soil to
activate microbial populations.
