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This work was supported by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency No. VEGA 2/0065/24 and by the Slovak Research and Development Agency No. APVV-21-0089. The study was partially financed by National Science Centre, Poland (OPUS21, 2021/41/B/NZ9/03059).
Application of soil modifiers is a widely used practice in agriculture to improve soil quality in support of good agricultural
practices. This paper presents an assessment of the effect of zeolite modifiers combined with four soils of Polish and
Slovakian origin on their hydrophysical properties. Under laboratory conditions, the characterization of the applied soil
additives was carried out along with particle soil analysis. In addition, the prepared soil mixtures were examined using
contact angle and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The results suggest that the increase in hydrophobicity occurred mainly
after the application of fly ash, and the values for Polish Silty clay soil and Slovak soils: Sandy soil, Silt loam soil, and
Silty clay soil compared to the control changed from 73.02° to 96.22°; 8.67° to 24.88°; 29.23° to 33.94° and 19.9° to
26.16° respectively. The increase in hydrophobicity could be explained by the higher CaO content of the high-carbon fly
ash compared to the other materials. The parameters of saturated hydraulic conductivity were reduced after the application
of all zeolite materials in the case of Polish Silty clay and Slovak Sandy soils. By filling the space between the soil
particles, the porous soil additives decreased the hydraulic conductivity. In Slovak soils such as Silty loam soil and Silty
clay soil, the opposite effect was observed. The soil additives increased the number and size of pores, which resulted in
faster filtration of water and thus an increase in the saturated hydraulic conductivity value.
