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This research was funded by Polish Ministry of Education and Scienceas part of a subsidy for science FD-20/IL-4/016 (Lublin University of Technology—2024), and within statutory activity of Medical University of Lublin(DS 642 project).
Microbially Induced Carbonates Precipitation (MICP) is a promising technique for enhancing the self-healing
properties of cementitious composites. Despite numerous studies on the subject, there is a limited focus on
the comprehensive analysis of the various components in treatment solutions influencing precipitation in MICP.
This study aimed to investigate Bacillus subtilis bacteria’s ability to precipitate carbonates via ureolytic and
heterotrophic pathways in controlled conditions and within the cement mortar environment using different
combinations of calcium and magnesium compounds. The assessment included crack-sealing capability, deter-
mination of precipitate masses, and microstructure analysis (XRD, SEM, Raman spectroscopy). The results
confirmed B. subtilis’ effective precipitation of various crystalline forms of calcium carbonates and magnesium
carbonates under controlled conditions. However, in the presence of the cement matrix, only solutions with
magnesium compounds exhibited sediment precipitation in mortar cracks, indicating limited bacterial activity in
the cement composite environment. Microstructural analyses characterized all precipitate forms, supporting the
conclusions drawn.
