Impact of moisture on the frequency–temperature characteristics of the complex permittivity of pressboard composite impregnated with an innovative bio-oil for power transformer solid insulation
Artykuł w czasopiśmie
MNiSW
200
Lista 2024
| Status: | |
| Autorzy: | Żukowski Paweł, Kierczyński Konrad, Pająk Rafał, Zenker Marek, Molenda Paweł, Szrot Marek, Okal Paweł, Kołtunowicz Tomasz |
| Dyscypliny: | |
| Aby zobaczyć szczegóły należy się zalogować. | |
| Rok wydania: | 2026 |
| Wersja dokumentu: | Drukowana | Elektroniczna |
| Język: | angielski |
| Wolumen/Tom: | 252 |
| Numer artykułu: | 124307 |
| Strony: | 1 - 11 |
| Impact Factor: | 6,4 |
| Web of Science® Times Cited: | 0 |
| Scopus® Cytowania: | 0 |
| Bazy: | Web of Science | Scopus |
| Efekt badań statutowych | NIE |
| URL danych badawczych | LINK |
| Finansowanie: | The research was supported from the state budget within the programme of the Ministry of Education and Science entitled 'Science for Society II' project no. NdS-II/SP/0173/2024/01 total project value PLN 1462,590.80 as well as partly from a subsidy from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education for the Lublin University of Technology as funds allocated for activities in the scientific disciplines of Automation, Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Space Technologies (grants: FD- 20/EE-2/702, FD-20/EE-2/703 and FD-20/EE-2/705). |
| Materiał konferencyjny: | NIE |
| Publikacja OA: | TAK |
| Licencja: | |
| Sposób udostępnienia: | Witryna wydawcy |
| Wersja tekstu: | Ostateczna wersja opublikowana |
| Czas opublikowania: | W momencie opublikowania |
| Data opublikowania w OA: | 3 września 2026 |
| Abstrakty: | angielski |
| Environmental concerns and the need to reduce climate warming are driving efforts to eliminate petroleum-based mineral oils in power transformer insulation, replacing them with plant-based bio-oils. This transition necessitates new diagnostic standards tailored to cellulose–bio-oil insulation systems. A key parameter in such diagnostics is complex permittivity, consisting of real and imaginary components. This study examined six pressboard samples containing 0.6–5 wt% moisture and impregnated with NYTRO® BIO 300X bio-oil. Measurements revealed two distinct stages in the real permittivity response. Stage I occurs below 2 wt% moisture, while Stage II appears at higher moisture levels and shifts toward higher frequencies as water content increases. Both stages are strongly moisture-dependent. Dielectric relaxation times were analyzed, and an average activation energy of ΔE(ε,τ)≈ (1.057 ± 0.0371) eV was calculated. The unusually high susceptibility (28–36) and long relaxation times (tens of seconds) at Stage II—compared to theoretical values for liquid water—confirmed the absence of free water in the composite. The frequency–temperature dependence of dielectric loss (ε″) was also determined. The activation energy for lossiness matched that of conductivity, ΔE(ε”,τ)≈ (1.02627 ± 0.01606) eV. Temperature-normalized loss curves for different moisture levels overlapped precisely, validating a unified approach to diagnostic modeling. Moisture increase shifted the curves toward higher frequencies and loss values. These findings support the development of reliable, moisture-sensitive diagnostics for next-generation transformer insulation systems using bio-oils. |
