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This project was financed by the Polish National Center for Research and Development
under the TANGO IV program under the title “Technology for unconventional falling off the rock
fragments”, project number: TANGO-IV-A/0058/2019.
Undercutting anchors are structural elements used in construction and geotechnics to stabilize
both structures and soils. Their main applications include stabilizing slopes and embankments, reinforc-
ing foundations, and providing support during tunnel construction and other underground works. The
authors propose the use of these anchors in rock mass detachment technology. This article presents a
comprehensive analysis of the mechanism behind rock mass detachment using an undercutting anchor.
Particular attention is given to the influence of parameters such as the fracture energy of the medium and
the coefficient of friction between the medium and the anchor head on the detachment process of rock
elements during anchor expansion in the drilled hole. Numerical FEM analysis was employed to model
the effect of changes in the shape and size of failure cones under varying simulation conditions. The
discussed problem is crucial for evaluating the effectiveness of this anchor design under non-standard
conditions, particularly in the unconventional destruction of rock media.
